from the book
A Century of War
by F William Engdahl
1993
p6
Following the War [World War I] Britain and France carved up the Middle East...
Britain obtaining protectorate status over Palestine (Israel) and the important
oil-producing areas, especially Iraq. Their protectorate over Palestine set the
stage for their planned later creation in that area of a Jewish homeland, which
intent was proclaimed to British Zionists in a letter from Britain's Foreign
Secretary Arthur Balfour to Walter Lord Rothschild, representing the English
Federation of Zionists. The letter became known as the Balfour Declaration,
which was not implemented until after World War 2. The British intent was to
project their control into the oil-laden Middle East by creating a
Jewish-dominated Palestine, beholden to Britain for survival, and surrounded by
a pack of squabbling, balkanized Arab states.
During the Versailles Treaty talks after the war [WWI], Round Table members Lionel Curtis, Balfour, Milner, and others, formed an above-ground group called the Royal Institute of International Affairs for the purpose of coordinating Anglo-American cooperative efforts. They decided also to form an American branch, but gave it a different name in order to obscure its antecedents. Thus was born the Council on Foreign Relations, originally staffed by J.P. Morgan men and financed by Morgan money. The CFR, of course, is still very much with us.
p15
After 1971, a White House policy was initiated, under the effective control of
Henry Kissinger, to control the economies of the nations and to reduce their
populations, rather than to facilitate technology transfer and industrial
growth. The strategy was to force the price of the cartelized world oil up by
about a factor of four, recover the Arab oil receipts back into the British and
American central banks, and lend them to the Third World to acquire control
over those countries. To this end, the Bilderberg group, containing the world's
top financial and political insiders, met privately in Saltsjoebaden, Sweden in
May 1973 to discuss how the coming flood of oil dollars was to be handled. Mr.
Engdahl lists many of the participants, including Kissinger, George Ball, David
Rockefeller, and others. Then in October of that same year, the "Yom
Kippur" war broke out, with Syria and Egypt invading Israel, with the U.S.
supporting Israel, and the British staying demurely neutral. Kissinger
performed his "shuttle diplomacy" among the participants, to assure
the war followed the script previously worked out in Sweden. The Arab OPEC
countries declared an embargo on all oil shipments to the U.S. and mainland
Europe (but not Britain), and started cranking up the price, which rose by the
scheduled factor of four by the end of the year. Nixon, drowning in the
Watergate affair, tried to get the Treasury to find a way to get the Arabs to
reduce their prices, but was rebuffed, and advised to support the
"recycling" of the oil dollars at the current prices. Nixon agreed,
and the deed was done. The great bulk of the petro-dollars were repatriated in
purchasing U.S. government debt and in deposit accounts in Chase Manhattan,
Citibank, et al. From there they were loaned to the Third World, which could
not otherwise buy the fuel they needed to survive, whence many of those
countries became enslaved to the bankers, and forced to follow their edicts on
how to run their countries.
p17
American officials in the mid 70s openly claimed in news conferences that they
were "neo-Malthusians." Malthus, says Engdahl, was an English
clergyman who, in 1798, wrote an essay claiming that human populations expanded
geometrically, while their means of subsistence expanded only linearly. Hence,
populations must be limited, and, if necessary, governments should enhance the
operations of nature to produce the needed mortality. Consistent with such
pseudo-science, Henry Kissinger produced, in April 1974, the classified
National Security Council Study Memorandum 200 (NSSM 200), directed to
Washington high officialdom, defining a program aimed at population reduction
in Third World countries possessing needed raw materials, since growing
populations with aspirations for a better standard of living give rise to high
prices for such materials. Kissinger named 13 target countries for population
control, including Brazil, India, Egypt, Mexico, Ethiopia, Columbia, and
others.
p17
[In the 1970s] most of the Third World, including the bulk of South America,
Africa, and the Asian underbelly, unable to afford the oil they needed, found
not only their industrial development stopped, but even food purchases
curtailed, and starvation threatening. Far from living standards continuing the
growth begun during the 50's and 60's, many of these countries were being
pushed back to a condition of bare subsistence.
p20
In the Third World, not only did the purchase of nuclear power plants become
out of the question, but bare survival was in doubt. Those countries had been
suckered into floating interest rate contracts on their Eurodollar loans, and
those interest rates had now gone out of sight. Oil costs were up 140% after
the Iran Oil Shock, and the U.S. dollar itself, mandatorily required for making
oil purchases, was now becoming more expensive against other currencies. The
great bulk of the Third World was essentially instantaneously bankrupted.
... The International Monetary Fund became the collection agency for the big banks.
... By 1987, the amount then owed [by third world countries] in principal and interest amounted in total to some $1.3 trillion dollars, a sum virtually impossible ever to repay, even under healthy economic conditions.
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