Massachusetts Fluoridation News
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Vol. 2 No. 6 Belchertown, Massachusetts January 4, 2016
Historian presents false narrative on response to Taylor’s fluoride carcinogenicity research
A recent American Journal of Public Health account of the early dispute over water fluoridation ignores a key source of evidence that shows public health and dental officials were more concerned with refuting evidence that fluoridated water increases the risk of cancer, than in taking it seriously.
In her article “Debating water fluoridation before Dr. Strangelove,” University of Guelph historian Catherine Carstairs recalls the work of University of Texas cancer researcher Alfred Taylor, writing that, “Taylor discovered that rats that were fed fluoridated water died earlier than those that were fed unfluoridated water. Although this work had not yet been published when he testified [before Congress in 1950], it was published in 1954.”
Her account of the response to this research reads, “The US Public Health Service had heard about his results in advance of the hearings, and in 1951 they sent [H. Trendley] Dean and Howard Andervont, chief of the biology section of the National Cancer Institute, to investigate. They discovered that the rats were consuming very high amounts of fluoride in their food, which they felt invalidated the results of his experiments. In addition, the sample sizes were small, and the observed differences fell within the normal range of variability.”
But a transcript of a 1951 meeting of public health officials and state dental directors reveals that these officials saw Taylor’s work as “a problem” that needed “knocking down”. The officials also spoke of rumors of Taylor’s research as if they were a contagion that needed to be stopped.
The document, published in the 1960s by Robert Mick, the New Jersey dentist opposed to fluoridation, and widely circulated among groups working to end fluoridation, is a transcript of a June 1951 meeting in Washington, DC entitled, “Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference of State Dental Directors with the Public Health Service and The Children’s Bureau.”
The proceedings were recorded by stenographers. The participants were apparently unaware that their remarks were being recorded, or thought the transcript would not be made public.
In this document Glover Johns, Associate Director of the Division of Dental Health of the Texas Department of Health, is recorded as saying, “The University of Texas had a research project on some white mice. I must say there was no animus in the University of Texas work. But there was the rumor that this research project indicated that fluoridation of water supplies causes cancer. That has knocked the pins from under us. We don’t know how to combat it.”
Johns went on to say, “There was no animus. The University of Texas hasn’t said a word. It was just rumor. The University of Texas is now sorry it happened and doesn’t know how to stop the rumor.”
In response, Frank Bull, director of dental education for the Wisconsin Board of Health, who was the main speaker at the conference, and who spoke at length in a frank manner of
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Vol. 2 No. 6 Belchertown, Massachusetts January 4, 2016
Historian presents false narrative on response to Taylor’s fluoride carcinogenicity research
A recent American Journal of Public Health account of the early dispute over water fluoridation ignores a key source of evidence that shows public health and dental officials were more concerned with refuting evidence that fluoridated water increases the risk of cancer, than in taking it seriously.
In her article “Debating water fluoridation before Dr. Strangelove,” University of Guelph historian Catherine Carstairs recalls the work of University of Texas cancer researcher Alfred Taylor, writing that, “Taylor discovered that rats that were fed fluoridated water died earlier than those that were fed unfluoridated water. Although this work had not yet been published when he testified [before Congress in 1950], it was published in 1954.”
Her account of the response to this research reads, “The US Public Health Service had heard about his results in advance of the hearings, and in 1951 they sent [H. Trendley] Dean and Howard Andervont, chief of the biology section of the National Cancer Institute, to investigate. They discovered that the rats were consuming very high amounts of fluoride in their food, which they felt invalidated the results of his experiments. In addition, the sample sizes were small, and the observed differences fell within the normal range of variability.”
But a transcript of a 1951 meeting of public health officials and state dental directors reveals that these officials saw Taylor’s work as “a problem” that needed “knocking down”. The officials also spoke of rumors of Taylor’s research as if they were a contagion that needed to be stopped.
The document, published in the 1960s by Robert Mick, the New Jersey dentist opposed to fluoridation, and widely circulated among groups working to end fluoridation, is a transcript of a June 1951 meeting in Washington, DC entitled, “Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference of State Dental Directors with the Public Health Service and The Children’s Bureau.”
The proceedings were recorded by stenographers. The participants were apparently unaware that their remarks were being recorded, or thought the transcript would not be made public.
In this document Glover Johns, Associate Director of the Division of Dental Health of the Texas Department of Health, is recorded as saying, “The University of Texas had a research project on some white mice. I must say there was no animus in the University of Texas work. But there was the rumor that this research project indicated that fluoridation of water supplies causes cancer. That has knocked the pins from under us. We don’t know how to combat it.”
Johns went on to say, “There was no animus. The University of Texas hasn’t said a word. It was just rumor. The University of Texas is now sorry it happened and doesn’t know how to stop the rumor.”
In response, Frank Bull, director of dental education for the Wisconsin Board of Health, who was the main speaker at the conference, and who spoke at length in a frank manner of
Advertisement
Advertisement
Massachusetts Fluoridation News January 4, 2016 2
how the participants should use deceit and anti-democratic practices to attain fluoridation in
their states, said, “But any of those rumors might stop you. If you can’t knock them down right
off the bat, the time element works against you.”
When asked how to stop the rumors, Frank said, “I think the best technique is the reverse technique, not to refute the thing but to show where the opposite is true...When they say yes, you say no.”
New York’s Ast sees a “problem”
Throughout the discussion the public health and dental officials did not express concern that water fluoridation could cause cancer, or propose that the matter be fully investigated before the entire nation was exposed to the chemical, but only spoke of ways to counter or suppress Taylor’s research.
David B. Ast, director of the New York Bureau of Dental Health, who oversaw the human experiments in Newburgh and Kingston, New York, returned discussion to Taylor’s work, saying, “I would like to go back to the question raised by our friend from Texas and the mouse cancer problem.”
He said, “The point was made that it would be advisable to publish a refutation to the alleged rumor. I wonder whether this is the best procedure since the publication of a refutation will bring this information to the attention of the very group that is looking for every possible opportunity to capitalize on information with which it could fight fluoridation.”
Ast was not concerned that Taylor’s findings be replicated or independently confirmed to see if fluoride was carcinogenic, but only that the research results be refuted.
“I wonder if it would not be preferable for a refutation to be prepared at the University of Texas and made available to those who make inquiry for it,” he said.
The officials also expressed concern over the spread of rumors of Taylor’s research, which had not yet been published.
“I don’t know of anybody in Texas who has anything to do with water that doesn’t know it [the cancer findings],” Johns said. “It reached Chicago three days after we knew about it.”
“It was up in Albany, too,” Ast added. ______________________________________________________________________________
When asked how to stop the rumors, Frank said, “I think the best technique is the reverse technique, not to refute the thing but to show where the opposite is true...When they say yes, you say no.”
New York’s Ast sees a “problem”
Throughout the discussion the public health and dental officials did not express concern that water fluoridation could cause cancer, or propose that the matter be fully investigated before the entire nation was exposed to the chemical, but only spoke of ways to counter or suppress Taylor’s research.
David B. Ast, director of the New York Bureau of Dental Health, who oversaw the human experiments in Newburgh and Kingston, New York, returned discussion to Taylor’s work, saying, “I would like to go back to the question raised by our friend from Texas and the mouse cancer problem.”
He said, “The point was made that it would be advisable to publish a refutation to the alleged rumor. I wonder whether this is the best procedure since the publication of a refutation will bring this information to the attention of the very group that is looking for every possible opportunity to capitalize on information with which it could fight fluoridation.”
Ast was not concerned that Taylor’s findings be replicated or independently confirmed to see if fluoride was carcinogenic, but only that the research results be refuted.
“I wonder if it would not be preferable for a refutation to be prepared at the University of Texas and made available to those who make inquiry for it,” he said.
The officials also expressed concern over the spread of rumors of Taylor’s research, which had not yet been published.
“I don’t know of anybody in Texas who has anything to do with water that doesn’t know it [the cancer findings],” Johns said. “It reached Chicago three days after we knew about it.”
“It was up in Albany, too,” Ast added. ______________________________________________________________________________
Research Collection Appraisers
If you have books, papers, photographs, films, and other documents
that you would like to donate to a library or museum for a tax deduction, call us for a low cost appraisal, and for assistance in finding the right depository
Michael F. Dolan, Ph.D. mdolan.ecsn@outlook.com 413-323-5327
that you would like to donate to a library or museum for a tax deduction, call us for a low cost appraisal, and for assistance in finding the right depository
Michael F. Dolan, Ph.D. mdolan.ecsn@outlook.com 413-323-5327
Massachusetts Fluoridation News January 4, 2016 3
Another fluoride water pollutant
Industry dumps toxic fluoride chemicals into the water supply. People and animals are sickened. Government does nothing to protect them.
Sound familiar? It is the story of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as recounted in an excellent report by Nathaniel Rich published January 6 in the New York Times Magazine.
PFOA was used by DuPont in the production of Teflon. Huge amounts of it were dumped into a landfill in Parkersburg, West Virginia, starting an unending nightmare for local residents.
Cattle became sick and died. For decades, people drank the chemical in their water at levels far above what was thought to be safe. But the chemical was not regulated, state environmental officials deferred to DuPont, and a class action lawsuit became the only way to expose the facts of the pollution, and to provide some modest relief to the residents.
EPA has set a provisional limit for PFOA in water of 0.4 parts per billion, but the rule has never been finalized, according to the report. The residents of Parkersburg itself continue to be exposed.
Rich reports, “The drinking water in Parkersburg itself, whose water district was not included in the original class-action suit and has failed to compel DuPont to pay for a filtration system, is currently tainted with high levels of PFOA. Most residents appear not to know this.”
Donald McNeil Honorary Changing Times column
[Editor’s note: This column will contain news on health and regulatory practices that have changed over the years as more research is done, and social practices evolve. It is named for New York Times reporter Donald McNeil, who is quoted in Jeremy Seifert’s 2015 film Our Daily Dosage as writing, “...most members of the science staff of the New York Times consider this debate to have been decided – in fluoride’s favor – about 50 years ago.”]
Reduced sugar consumption recommended
In response to overwhelming evidence that over-consumption of refined sugar causes many serious health problems, including tooth decay, the US Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services have recommended that people lower their consumption of sugar to no more than 50 grams per day, representing about 10 percent of the calories in a 2,000- calorie daily diet. One bottle of soda contains 40 grams of sugar.
The World Health Organization, which had previously recommended a limit of 10 percent of calories as sugar, reduced that further in June, advising that people not consume more than 25 grams of sugar per day, or 5 percent of total calories.
As Donald McNeil might say, “the debate has been decided” – refined sugar causes health problems.
______________________________________________________________________________ Advertisement Advertisement
We have a large variety of fluoridation literature
Contact us for a free, email catalog Holyoke Bookstore & Morgue hbandm.ecsn@outlook.com
Industry dumps toxic fluoride chemicals into the water supply. People and animals are sickened. Government does nothing to protect them.
Sound familiar? It is the story of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as recounted in an excellent report by Nathaniel Rich published January 6 in the New York Times Magazine.
PFOA was used by DuPont in the production of Teflon. Huge amounts of it were dumped into a landfill in Parkersburg, West Virginia, starting an unending nightmare for local residents.
Cattle became sick and died. For decades, people drank the chemical in their water at levels far above what was thought to be safe. But the chemical was not regulated, state environmental officials deferred to DuPont, and a class action lawsuit became the only way to expose the facts of the pollution, and to provide some modest relief to the residents.
EPA has set a provisional limit for PFOA in water of 0.4 parts per billion, but the rule has never been finalized, according to the report. The residents of Parkersburg itself continue to be exposed.
Rich reports, “The drinking water in Parkersburg itself, whose water district was not included in the original class-action suit and has failed to compel DuPont to pay for a filtration system, is currently tainted with high levels of PFOA. Most residents appear not to know this.”
Donald McNeil Honorary Changing Times column
[Editor’s note: This column will contain news on health and regulatory practices that have changed over the years as more research is done, and social practices evolve. It is named for New York Times reporter Donald McNeil, who is quoted in Jeremy Seifert’s 2015 film Our Daily Dosage as writing, “...most members of the science staff of the New York Times consider this debate to have been decided – in fluoride’s favor – about 50 years ago.”]
Reduced sugar consumption recommended
In response to overwhelming evidence that over-consumption of refined sugar causes many serious health problems, including tooth decay, the US Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services have recommended that people lower their consumption of sugar to no more than 50 grams per day, representing about 10 percent of the calories in a 2,000- calorie daily diet. One bottle of soda contains 40 grams of sugar.
The World Health Organization, which had previously recommended a limit of 10 percent of calories as sugar, reduced that further in June, advising that people not consume more than 25 grams of sugar per day, or 5 percent of total calories.
As Donald McNeil might say, “the debate has been decided” – refined sugar causes health problems.
______________________________________________________________________________ Advertisement Advertisement
We have a large variety of fluoridation literature
Contact us for a free, email catalog Holyoke Bookstore & Morgue hbandm.ecsn@outlook.com
Massachusetts Fluoridation News January 4, 2016 4
Surgeon General misleads on fluoridation
The nation’s top public health official has asserted that adults benefit from fluoridation despite a recent comprehensive review that found no evidence for this claim.
US Surgeon General Vivek Murthy said in a video-taped comment marking water fluoridation’s 70th anniversary that, “Fluoride’s effectiveness in preventing tooth decay extends throughout one’s life.”
The Cochrane Review of Oral Health report “Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries,” published in June, concluded, “We did not identify any evidence, meeting the review's inclusion criteria, to determine the effectiveness of water fluoridation for preventing caries in adults.”
Such misleading statements are common from Surgeons General despite their own reports that document fluoride’s ineffectiveness in stopping tooth decay.
Carol Kopf of the New York State Coalition Opposed to Fluoridation (NYSCOF) has recently written, “The Surgeon General’s 2000 report identified oral health as a “silent epidemic,” despite 55 years of fluoridation, at that time. And, nothing has changed since then. Tooth decay is a crisis in all fluoridated cities and states despite dozens of reports, meetings, hearings, webinars, conferences, the hiring of state fluoridation consultants, dental directors and the conduction of fluoridation spokesperson training.”
Past Surgeons General have said that they largely serve as figure heads, and are not allowed to speak their minds, instead being forced to read scripts prepared by the public health bureaucracy.
Telemundo news series on water fluoridation
The Telemundo news network, one of the leading Spanish-language networks, has recently broadcast a three-part series on water fluoridation, including an interview with a CDC official who tries to explain why there are no records on the prevalence of dental fluorosis among Hispanics.
The series is the result of the organizing work of Dan Stockin of the Lille Center in Georgia, whose previous accomplishments include former Atlanta mayor Andrew Young’s call to end fluoridation. The broadcasts can be seen on the following links:
The nation’s top public health official has asserted that adults benefit from fluoridation despite a recent comprehensive review that found no evidence for this claim.
US Surgeon General Vivek Murthy said in a video-taped comment marking water fluoridation’s 70th anniversary that, “Fluoride’s effectiveness in preventing tooth decay extends throughout one’s life.”
The Cochrane Review of Oral Health report “Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries,” published in June, concluded, “We did not identify any evidence, meeting the review's inclusion criteria, to determine the effectiveness of water fluoridation for preventing caries in adults.”
Such misleading statements are common from Surgeons General despite their own reports that document fluoride’s ineffectiveness in stopping tooth decay.
Carol Kopf of the New York State Coalition Opposed to Fluoridation (NYSCOF) has recently written, “The Surgeon General’s 2000 report identified oral health as a “silent epidemic,” despite 55 years of fluoridation, at that time. And, nothing has changed since then. Tooth decay is a crisis in all fluoridated cities and states despite dozens of reports, meetings, hearings, webinars, conferences, the hiring of state fluoridation consultants, dental directors and the conduction of fluoridation spokesperson training.”
Past Surgeons General have said that they largely serve as figure heads, and are not allowed to speak their minds, instead being forced to read scripts prepared by the public health bureaucracy.
Telemundo news series on water fluoridation
The Telemundo news network, one of the leading Spanish-language networks, has recently broadcast a three-part series on water fluoridation, including an interview with a CDC official who tries to explain why there are no records on the prevalence of dental fluorosis among Hispanics.
The series is the result of the organizing work of Dan Stockin of the Lille Center in Georgia, whose previous accomplishments include former Atlanta mayor Andrew Young’s call to end fluoridation. The broadcasts can be seen on the following links:
|
First piece (intro): http://www.telemundoatlanta.com/3037_videos/3529482_video-agua-
|
|
potable-o-veneno.html
Second piece (interview with CDC Oral Health statistician who says there is no data on Hispanic fluorosis): http://www.telemundoatlanta.com/3037_videos/3530928_video-agua-potable-o- veneno-pt2.html Third piece (about taking action): |
|
http://www.telemundoatlanta.com/3037_videos/3535561_agua-potable-o-veneno-pt3.html
|
Massachusetts Fluoridation News January 4, 2016 5
Neurotoxin Resolution and its signers
In our previous issues we introduced the “Neurotoxin Resolution” (reprinted below) that calls for an end to water fluoridation in Massachusetts. In this issue we continue publishing the names of signers of the resolution. As names are added we will begin to list them by town and legislative district. Anyone who would like an electronic version of the petition and a related flyer should contact Michael F. Dolan at 413-323-5327 or mdolan.ecsn@outlook.com or P.O. Box 797, Belchertown, MA 01007.
A Resolution to Prohibit the Addition of Fluoride to Community Water Systems in Massachusetts
Preamble. This resolution is written in honor of the scientists at the US Environmental Protection Agency and elsewhere for reporting the adverse effects of fluoridated water.
Whereas a liter of fluoridated tap water contains the same dose of fluoride as the prescription medicine, and
Whereas water fluoridation violates the fundamental medical ethical principle of informed consent, and
Whereas a National Research Council investigation concluded that the current regulation of fluoride in drinking water does not protect the population of the United States, and
Whereas dozens of studies have found that fluoride in drinking water is a neurotoxin that lowers children’s IQ, and a Harvard meta-analysis of these studies confirmed the neurotoxicity of fluoride in drinking water, and
Whereas the EPA’s Neurotoxicology Division labels fluoride as a chemical with “substantial evidence of developmental neurotoxicity,”
Now therefore be it resolved that the General Laws of Massachusetts shall be revised by the
passage of a measure prohibiting the addition of fluoride to community water systems in
Massachusetts.
please sign and return to: Public Notice on Water Fluoridation c/o Michael F. Dolan, P.O. Box 797, Belchertown, MA 01007
References:
Choi, A.L., Sun, G., Zhang, Y. and Grandjean, P. 2012. Developmental fluoride neurotoxicity: A systematic review and meta- analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives 120: 1362-1368.
Grandjean, P. and Landrigan, P.J. 2014. Neurobehavioural effects of developmental toxicity. Lancet Neurology 13: 330-338.
Signers of the Neurotoxin Resolution:
Godbless Asante of Southbridge, Luis Ayala of Southbridge, Jacalyn Balerine of Southbridge, Martin A. Barroll of Paxton, Mary Barroll of Paxton, Paula Bernier of Athol, Joan Bonner of Athol, Shirley Bullock of Athol, Meghan Burch of Orange, Marisa Caputo of Athol, William Cass of Athol, Remy Cellera of Orange, Dael A. Chapman of Amherst, Michelle Chenier
In our previous issues we introduced the “Neurotoxin Resolution” (reprinted below) that calls for an end to water fluoridation in Massachusetts. In this issue we continue publishing the names of signers of the resolution. As names are added we will begin to list them by town and legislative district. Anyone who would like an electronic version of the petition and a related flyer should contact Michael F. Dolan at 413-323-5327 or mdolan.ecsn@outlook.com or P.O. Box 797, Belchertown, MA 01007.
A Resolution to Prohibit the Addition of Fluoride to Community Water Systems in Massachusetts
Preamble. This resolution is written in honor of the scientists at the US Environmental Protection Agency and elsewhere for reporting the adverse effects of fluoridated water.
Whereas a liter of fluoridated tap water contains the same dose of fluoride as the prescription medicine, and
Whereas water fluoridation violates the fundamental medical ethical principle of informed consent, and
Whereas a National Research Council investigation concluded that the current regulation of fluoride in drinking water does not protect the population of the United States, and
Whereas dozens of studies have found that fluoride in drinking water is a neurotoxin that lowers children’s IQ, and a Harvard meta-analysis of these studies confirmed the neurotoxicity of fluoride in drinking water, and
Whereas the EPA’s Neurotoxicology Division labels fluoride as a chemical with “substantial evidence of developmental neurotoxicity,”
Now therefore be it resolved that the General Laws of Massachusetts shall be revised by the
passage of a measure prohibiting the addition of fluoride to community water systems in
Massachusetts.
please sign and return to: Public Notice on Water Fluoridation c/o Michael F. Dolan, P.O. Box 797, Belchertown, MA 01007
References:
Choi, A.L., Sun, G., Zhang, Y. and Grandjean, P. 2012. Developmental fluoride neurotoxicity: A systematic review and meta- analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives 120: 1362-1368.
Grandjean, P. and Landrigan, P.J. 2014. Neurobehavioural effects of developmental toxicity. Lancet Neurology 13: 330-338.
Signers of the Neurotoxin Resolution:
Godbless Asante of Southbridge, Luis Ayala of Southbridge, Jacalyn Balerine of Southbridge, Martin A. Barroll of Paxton, Mary Barroll of Paxton, Paula Bernier of Athol, Joan Bonner of Athol, Shirley Bullock of Athol, Meghan Burch of Orange, Marisa Caputo of Athol, William Cass of Athol, Remy Cellera of Orange, Dael A. Chapman of Amherst, Michelle Chenier
Massachusetts Fluoridation News January 4, 2016 6
of Southbridge, Teresa L. Cierla of Southbridge, William Coady of Orange, Karla Collazo of
Southbridge, Damany Corren of Southbridge, John Crockett of Athol, Jessica Crickett of Athol,
Sarah Cyhowski of Erving, Alisha M. Cummings of Athol,
Also Brad Daigle of Dudley, John Delisle of Sturbridge, G. John Di Bonaventura of Southbridge, Marguerite V. Doane of Orange, Michael F. Dolan of Belchertown, Ayla Doubleday of Warwick, Irene Dzioba of Amherst, Majke Ellis of Southbridge, Dori Ehrlich of Amherst, Jeffrey Farr of Dudley, Margaret Farr of Dudley, Julie Farrell of Baldwinsville, Peter Farrell of Baldwinsville, Mark Ferrari of Athol, Bella Finnell of Athol, Frank Franconeri of Southbridge, William Fregeau of Athol,
Also Ellaine Garrepy of Dudley, Janice Gendreau of Southbridge, Kylii Godin of Southbridge, Susan Guerchon of Amherst, Natasha Hanna of Orange, E.C. Higgins of Orange, Elizabeth Horn of Sturbridge, Timothy R. Jaillet of Athol, Miranda Jefferson of Athol, Anthony Johnson of Southbridge, Manuel King of Orange, Mary King of Orange, Brian C. Kopinto of Belchertown, Chris Lamira of Southbridge, Miguel Lebrón of Southbridge, Leonar Legros of Fitchburg, Melissa Lemieux of Warwick, Xavier Omar Lopez of Southbridge, Rober Lorai of Southbridge,
Also Stephen MacLean of Athol, Brian P. Mallet of Orange, Louise Mangan of Athol, Edward Martini of Westboro, Larry Martowski of Athol, Mary Ellen Mathews of Southbridge, Peggy Matthews-Nilsen of Amherst, Darvan Major of Orange, Cara McLoughlin of Athol, Nancy Murphy of Athol, Sarah Myntti of Athol, Dave Paul of Orange, Mellonie Pauley of Dudley, Lillian G. Peps of Orange, Victor Perez of Athol, Edward Phillips of Southbridge, Dana Ploof of New Salem, Robert Rivard of Erving, Juan Rodriguez of Southbridge,
Also Elizabeth St. Lawrence of Orange, Jonathan Sapaugh of Southbridge Nicole Sava of Southbridge, Annabel Shaw of Athol, Fred Shaw of Athol, David Skosupa of Warwick, Bonnie Smith of Amherst, Juanita Smith of Athol, Paul Smith of Southbridge, Shawn L. Smith of Amherst, Devon Softic of Athol, Lisa Soyer-Burk of Athol, Karla Stanley of Athol, Phyllis Stevens of Dufley, William Sykes of Orange, Jeremy Tetlow of Southbridge, Brendan Thideault of Southbridge, Matthew Tie of Athol, Joe Torzin of Orange, Carl Walker of Athol, Trevor Wilson of Southbridge, Debra Wirth of Amherst, Mark A. Wisniewski of Deerfield, Ellen Woodbury of Athol, Holly Young of Athol.
Fluoridated cities and towns in Massachusetts
The following list of fluoridated cities and towns was obtained from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health website, dated January 2014. We have not included eighteen towns that are listed, but have only a few residents receiving fluoridated water, or where only institutional inmates are receiving fluoridated water.
Fluoridated cities and towns: Acton, Acushnet, Amherst, Andover, Arlington, Ashburnham, Athol, Attleboro, Bedford, Belmont, Beverly, Billerica, Boston, Brookline, Burlington, Cambridge, Canton, Chelsea, Cohasset, Concord, Danvers, Dartmouth [unspecified, diluted fluoride concentration between April and October], Dedham, Dracut, Duxbury, Essex, Everett, Fall River, Fitchburg, Framingham, Franklin, Gardner, Gloucester, Groveland, Hamilton, Haverhill, Hingham, Holden, Holliston, Holyoke, Hudson, Hull, Ipswich, Lawrence, Lexington, Lincoln, Longmeadow, Lowell, Lynn, Lynnfield, Malden, Manchester by the Sea, Mansfield, Marblehead,
Also Brad Daigle of Dudley, John Delisle of Sturbridge, G. John Di Bonaventura of Southbridge, Marguerite V. Doane of Orange, Michael F. Dolan of Belchertown, Ayla Doubleday of Warwick, Irene Dzioba of Amherst, Majke Ellis of Southbridge, Dori Ehrlich of Amherst, Jeffrey Farr of Dudley, Margaret Farr of Dudley, Julie Farrell of Baldwinsville, Peter Farrell of Baldwinsville, Mark Ferrari of Athol, Bella Finnell of Athol, Frank Franconeri of Southbridge, William Fregeau of Athol,
Also Ellaine Garrepy of Dudley, Janice Gendreau of Southbridge, Kylii Godin of Southbridge, Susan Guerchon of Amherst, Natasha Hanna of Orange, E.C. Higgins of Orange, Elizabeth Horn of Sturbridge, Timothy R. Jaillet of Athol, Miranda Jefferson of Athol, Anthony Johnson of Southbridge, Manuel King of Orange, Mary King of Orange, Brian C. Kopinto of Belchertown, Chris Lamira of Southbridge, Miguel Lebrón of Southbridge, Leonar Legros of Fitchburg, Melissa Lemieux of Warwick, Xavier Omar Lopez of Southbridge, Rober Lorai of Southbridge,
Also Stephen MacLean of Athol, Brian P. Mallet of Orange, Louise Mangan of Athol, Edward Martini of Westboro, Larry Martowski of Athol, Mary Ellen Mathews of Southbridge, Peggy Matthews-Nilsen of Amherst, Darvan Major of Orange, Cara McLoughlin of Athol, Nancy Murphy of Athol, Sarah Myntti of Athol, Dave Paul of Orange, Mellonie Pauley of Dudley, Lillian G. Peps of Orange, Victor Perez of Athol, Edward Phillips of Southbridge, Dana Ploof of New Salem, Robert Rivard of Erving, Juan Rodriguez of Southbridge,
Also Elizabeth St. Lawrence of Orange, Jonathan Sapaugh of Southbridge Nicole Sava of Southbridge, Annabel Shaw of Athol, Fred Shaw of Athol, David Skosupa of Warwick, Bonnie Smith of Amherst, Juanita Smith of Athol, Paul Smith of Southbridge, Shawn L. Smith of Amherst, Devon Softic of Athol, Lisa Soyer-Burk of Athol, Karla Stanley of Athol, Phyllis Stevens of Dufley, William Sykes of Orange, Jeremy Tetlow of Southbridge, Brendan Thideault of Southbridge, Matthew Tie of Athol, Joe Torzin of Orange, Carl Walker of Athol, Trevor Wilson of Southbridge, Debra Wirth of Amherst, Mark A. Wisniewski of Deerfield, Ellen Woodbury of Athol, Holly Young of Athol.
Fluoridated cities and towns in Massachusetts
The following list of fluoridated cities and towns was obtained from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health website, dated January 2014. We have not included eighteen towns that are listed, but have only a few residents receiving fluoridated water, or where only institutional inmates are receiving fluoridated water.
Fluoridated cities and towns: Acton, Acushnet, Amherst, Andover, Arlington, Ashburnham, Athol, Attleboro, Bedford, Belmont, Beverly, Billerica, Boston, Brookline, Burlington, Cambridge, Canton, Chelsea, Cohasset, Concord, Danvers, Dartmouth [unspecified, diluted fluoride concentration between April and October], Dedham, Dracut, Duxbury, Essex, Everett, Fall River, Fitchburg, Framingham, Franklin, Gardner, Gloucester, Groveland, Hamilton, Haverhill, Hingham, Holden, Holliston, Holyoke, Hudson, Hull, Ipswich, Lawrence, Lexington, Lincoln, Longmeadow, Lowell, Lynn, Lynnfield, Malden, Manchester by the Sea, Mansfield, Marblehead,
Massachusetts Fluoridation News January 4, 2016 7
Marlborough, Medford, Medway, Melrose, Middleton, Millis, Milton, Nahant, Natick, New
Bedford, Needham, Newburyport, Newton, North Andover, North Attleboro, Northborough,
North Reading, Norwood, Oak Bluffs, Oxford, Peabody, Pembroke, Plainville, Quincy, Reading,
Revere, Rockport, Rutland, Salem, Saugus, Scituate, Seekonk, Sharon, Shrewsbury, Somerset,
Sommerville, Southboro, Southbridge, Stoughton, Stoneham, Sturbridge, Sudbury, Swampscott,
Swansea, Taunton, Templeton, Tewksbury, Topsfield, Tyngsboro, Wakefield, Walpole,
Waltham, Watertown, Wayland, Wenham, Wellesley, Westborough, Westford, Westminster,
West Newbury, Weston, Westwood, Weymouth, Winchester, Winthrop, Woburn.
Non-fluoridated cities and towns: All of Berkshire County, all of Franklin County, all of
Hampshire County except Amherst, all of Hampden County except for Holyoke and
Longmeadow, all of Cape Cod. The individual non-fluoridated municipalities are: Abington,
Adams, Agawam, Alford, Amesbury, Aquinnah, Ashby, Ashfield, Ashland, Avon, Ayer,
Barnstable, Barre, Becket, Belchertown, Bellingham, Berkley, Berkshire, Berlin, Bernardston,
Blackstone, Bolton, Blandford, Bourne, Boxborough, Boylston, Braintree, Brewster,
Bridgewater, Brimfield, Brockton, Brookfield, Buckland, Carlisle, Carver, Charlemont, Charlton,
Chatham, Chelmsford, Cheshire, Chester, Chesterfield, Chicopee, Chilmark, Clarksburg, Clinton,
Colrain, Conway, Cummington, Dalton, Deerfield, Dennis, Dighton, Douglas, Dover, Drury,
Dudley, Dunstable, East Bridgewater, East Brookfield, Eastham, Easthampton, East
Longmeadow, Easton, Edgartown, Egremont, Erving, Fairhaven, Falmouth, Florida, Foxborough,
Georgetown, Gill, Goshen, Grafton, Granby, Great Barrington, Greenfield, Groton, Hadley,
Halifax, Hampden, Hancock, Hanover, Hanson, Hardwick, Harvard, Harwich, Hatfield, Hawley,
Haydenville, Heath, Hinsdale, Holbrook, Holland, Holyoke, Hopedale, Hopkinton, Hubbardston,
Huntington, Kingston, Lakeville, Lancaster, Lanesboro, Lee, Leicester, Lenox, Leominster,
Leverett, Littleton, Ludlow, Lunenberg, Marion, Marshfield, Mashpee, Mattapoisett, Maynard,
Medfield, Mendon, Merrimac, Methuen, Middleborough, Middlefield, Milford, Millbury,
Millville, Monroe, Monson, Montague, Montgomery, Mount Washington, Nantucket, New
Ashford, New Braintree, Newbury, New Marlborough, New Salem, North Adams, Norfolk,
Northampton, Northbridge, North Brookfield, Northfield, Norton, Norwell, Oakham, Orange,
Orleans, Otis, Palmer, Paxton, Pelham, Pepperell, Peru, Petersham, Phillipston, Pittsfield,
Plainfield, Plymouth, Plympton, Princeton, Provincetown, Randolph, Raynham, Rehoboth,
Richmond, Rochester, Rockland, Rowley, Rowe, Royalston, Russell, Salisbury, Sandisfield,
Sandwich, Savoy, Sheffield, Shelburne, Sherborn, Shirley, Shutesbury, Southampton, Southfield,
South Hadley, Southwick, Spencer, Springfield, Stockbridge, Stoughton, Stow, Sunderland,
Tolland, Townsend, Truro, Tyringham, Upton, Uxbridge, Vineyard Haven, Wales, Ware,
Wareham, Warren, Warwick, Washington, Webster, Wellfleet, Wendell, West Boylston, West
Bridgewater, West Brookfield, Westfield, Westhampton, Westport, West Springfield, West
Tisbury, Whately, Whitman, Wilbraham, Williamsburg, Williamstown, Wilmington,
Winchendon, Windsor, Worcester, Worthington, Wrentham, Yarmouth.
Massachusetts Fluoridation News is published weekly at Belchertown, Massachusetts by East Coast Science News, P.O. Box 797, Belchertown, MA 01007. Michael F. Dolan, editor. Phone: 413-323-5327; Email: mdolan.ecsn@outlook.com. We request a nominal $3.00/year fee so that readers can indicate to the publisher that the newsletter is useful to them. Back issues are available for $1.00 each. Please make checks payable to East Coast Science News.
Massachusetts Fluoridation News is published weekly at Belchertown, Massachusetts by East Coast Science News, P.O. Box 797, Belchertown, MA 01007. Michael F. Dolan, editor. Phone: 413-323-5327; Email: mdolan.ecsn@outlook.com. We request a nominal $3.00/year fee so that readers can indicate to the publisher that the newsletter is useful to them. Back issues are available for $1.00 each. Please make checks payable to East Coast Science News.
No comments:
Post a Comment